Electric lamp



, 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

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Patented July 5, 1881.

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2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

L. G. WOOLLEY.

(No Model.)

ELECTRIC LAMP.

Patented July 5, 1881.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEONIDAS Gr. WOOLLEY, OF MENDON, MICHIGAN.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 243,748, dated July 5, 1881.

Application tiled February 24, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LEoNIDAs G. Woon- LEY, of Meudon, in the county of St. Joseph and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Lamps, andI do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in electric lamps; and it consists, tirst, in the combination ofthe upper carbon-holder, which is made hollow so as to form a dash-pot, with a clutching device, which is placed in the dashpot, so as to be always immersed in a lubricant; second, in the combination of the upper part of the frame of the lamp, which is made tubular and has an axial magnet applied to its upper end, with the tubular upper carbonholder, which forms a dash-pot, and in which is placed the clamping device by which the upper carbon-holder is raised 5 and, third, in the peculiar construction of the lifting device, whereby, when the core to which the deviceis attached is raised upward or attracted by the helix or axial magnet surrounding it, the lifter catches hold of the inside of the carbon-holder and raises it vertically upward without causing it to bind uponits guides, all of which will be more fully described hereinafter.

The object of my invention is to dispense with all clock-work, clamps which are applied to the outer sides of the carbon-holder, and apparatus of every kind which has to be placed upon the frame, and to place the whole of my regulating apparatus inside of the carbon-holder, and thus not only greatly cheapen the cost of the lamp, but to simplify its construction and improve its outward appearance. Another great advantage ga-ined is that by placing the whole of the moving parts of my regulating apparatus in the glycerine or other lubricant of the dash-pot the parts are always kept well lubricated and protected from dampness, atmospheric changes, dust, and dirt, whereby perfect action is always insured.

Figure l is a perspective of my lamp complete. Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section of the upper portion ofthe lamp. Fig. 3 is a perspective, on an enlarged scale, of the dashpot and the regulating device which is placed therein. Fig. 4 is an enlarged side elevation ofthe lifting apparatus with a spring attached thereto.

A represents the frame of the usual electric lamp, which may be of any desired shape, size, or construction that may be preferred.

Screwed or otherwise attached to the crosspiece B, which extends across the top of the frame A, is a tube, C, of any desired size or length, and inside of which the upper carbonholder moves.

Screwed or otherwise fastened to the upper end ofthe tube C is the spool D, upon which the wire of the helix or axial magnet is wound, and this spool may be made of brass or any other non-magnetic material. Upon the top of this spool D is formed the extension F,\vhich is provided with a bail or any other suitable device, by means of which the lamp is suspended from any suitable support. Inside of this extension F is a shoulder, Gr, upon which is placed the cross-piece H, which forms a support for the rod I, which extends upward from the dash or plunger J. As the upper' end ot' this rod or wire l is made scre\v-threaded, the dash can be adjusted into any desired position with relation to the bottom of the upper carbon-holder.

The upper carbonholder,K, passes through the opening made in the center ot' the crosspiece B, up into the lower part of the tube G, and through an opening which is made in the center ofthe guide L, which is secured to the inside of the tube, so as to cause the carbonholder to always move in a vertical line. This carbon-holder is made hollow, and is lled to any desired height with glyceriue or other suitable lubricant.

Placed inside of the spool D is a softiron core, N, which is made to rise and fall inside of the helix or axial magnet as the electricity is passed through or shut ofi' from the helix. Screwed into the lower end of this core, which has a suitable-sized opening through its center, is a rod or wire, 0, which has pivoted to its lower end the elevating -lever I). This lever P is provided with a sharp point for biting into the innersurface of the carbon- IOO holder whenever the core is lifted upward, so as to cause the lever to turn or move upon its pivot. This lever is pivoted upon one end in the frame Q, which has a groove, R, cut in its upper end to receive the lever, and which frame may be grooved upon its surface, or have a series of holes made through its bottom, or both, for the purpose of allowing the glycerine or other lubricant placed in the dash pot to escape past it as the frame is raised and lowered by means ofthe core. The rod by which this lever and frame are supported when raised upward by the core causes the sharp point of the lever to catch against the inner side of the carbon-holder with just sufticientforce to cause the carbon-holder to be raised upward inside of the tube C the same distance that the core is lifted upward by the helix, and, as the core is allowed to drop downward from its own weight and the weight of the carbon -holder when the current through the helix is weakened, the rod forces the frame of the lever downward until the lower end of the frame comes in Contact with the top of the dash or plunger, and then, the downward movement of the frame being arrested and the downward movement of the rod being continued, the longer end of the lever is depressed, so as to draw the sharp end of the lever out of oontact with the side of the carbon-holder, when the carbon -holder is free to descend from its own weight. rlhe instant the current through the helix is increased bythe shortening of the arc resulting from the near approach of the two carbons to each other the core is raised upward, and in raising upward the lever is moved upon its fulcrum so as to cause this sharp point to again catch against the inside of the carbon-holder and separate the carbons a suitable distance to maintain the arc in its proper length and intensity.

The great advantage gained by placing the moving parts of this regulating apparatus inside of the carbon-holder consists in lifting the carbon-holder vertically upward, so that there will be no binding or useless friction of the carbon-holder upon the guides through which it passes, and thus requiring a greater amount of power to lift it, and impairing the absolute certainty and the quickness of action that are absolutely required in a perfect-workin g lamp. Another advantage gained is that these operating parts are always immersed in the glycerine or other lubricant used in the dash-pot, and thus the parts are always kept lubricated, are always protected from moisture or atmospheric changes of any kind, and are protected from dust and dirt, which would very soon impair, by corroding or rusting, their perfect action. Another advantage gained is that all clamps which are applied to the outsides of the carbon-holder, and which always have a tendency to tilt the carbon-holder to one side, and thus cause it to bind upon its guides, are entirely done away with. Still another advantage consists in greatly simplifying and cheapening the construction of the lamp and placing all of the operating apparatus entirely in the carbon-holder, and thus giving the lamp a much more light, graceful, and pleasant appearance.

In all of the lamps heretofore used the operating apparatus has been placed upon the outside of the frame and inclosed in a box or case of some kind, and this casing gives the lamp a heavy appearance, which I entirely dispense with by my construction and arrangement of parts.

The carbon-holder heilig' made hollow and filled with a suitable liquid, and having the dash placed therein, serves to prevent the earbon-holder from moving too quickly, eitherin being raised upward by the regulating apparatus or in descending, when it is left free to move from its own weight. The rod which supports the dash passes through the frame of the lever, and the dash and the lever-frame are always adjusted into any desired position in regard to each other by means of the nut which is placed upon the upper end ofthe rod which supports the dash in position. The length of the arc, of course, will depend upon the distance which the carbon-holder is raised upward by means of the core, and the distance which the core will rise upward depends entirely upon the distance which the core falls when it is allowed to move from its own weight and the weight of the carbon-holder. Should the dash be drawn upward, so as to allow the lever-frame to descend but a very slight distance inside of the carbon-holder when the current is re-established through the helix, the core can rise upward but a very slight distance, and the distance which this core rises upward regulates the distance between the ends ot' the two carbons. Where the dash is depressed a considerable distance, as soon as the current is weakened the core will descend from its own weight and the weight of the carbon holder until the lever-frame rests upon the top of the dash, and then, when the current is re-established and the core attracted by the helix, the core will rise upward a much greater distance than it would do where the dash-pot is raised inside of the carbon-holder, as above described.

Should the iiuid or lubricant in the carbonholder be dispensed with or leak out or evaporate, so that the dash is no longer necessary or ceases to act, the same perfection of action may be secured by having a small curved arm project from the top of the leverframe, and then attaching to the end of this arm a small spiral spring to pass down through the frame and be attached to the plate or dash below it. By means of this spring enough resistance is opposed to the upward movement of the frame to cause the lever to instantly act the moment the core begins to rise upward. Vere the spring not used, it might be that the lever would slide along the inside of the carbonliolder without catching hold thereof 5 but IOO IOS

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whenever there is the slightest obstruction opposed to the upward movement of the frame the force ofthe moving core becomes at once applied to the lever for the purpose of making it bite against the inside of the carbon-holder.

All of the above-described mechanism which is here shown as being applied in connection with the upper carbon-holder only, if so desired, may be used in connection with the lower one alone or both together, as circumstances may require.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. In an electric lamp, the combination of a hollow carbon-holder and a regulating mechanism, the moving parts of the mechanism be in'g placed in the carbon-holder, substantially as shown.

2. In an electric lamp, the combination of a helix or axial magnet, a core, a hollow carbonholder, and a regulating mechanism the moving parts of which are placed in the holder and operated by the core and helix, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the hollow carbon holder, a dash or plunger, and a regulating mechanism the moving parts of which are placed therein, the distance that the regulating mechanism shall move being controlled by the dash, substantially as set forth.

4. In an electric lamp, the regulating mechanism or device composed of a frame and a pivoted lever, in combination with a core which raises the mechanism and carbon-holder upward, the carbon-holder, and helix, substantially as specified.

5. In an electric lamp,.the combination ot the tube C, having the axial magnet applied to its upper end, a hollow carbon-holder which forms a dash-pot, the core N, having the rod O fastened to it, and a clamping device which is placed in the dash-pot and which is operated by the core, so that when the core is raised upward the clamp will engage with the inner side of the dash-pot and raise the carbon-holder upward, substantially as shown.

In testimony whereof` I afx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

LEONIDAS G. WOOLLEY.

Witnesses:

F. A. LEHMANN, WM. E. KERN. 

